Local Area Agreements (LAAs) and Local Public Service Agreements (LPSAs) are policies created by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. LPSAs began in 2001and LAAs followed in 2004.
These policies form part of the developing agenda for local government. Whilst the local government role has previously included quality of life, the enthusiasm for taking forward policies to improve the health of residents has increased in recent years. Under the local government power of wellbeing, coordination of local service delivery and joined-up working by local partners have become key contributions to the promotion of health.
LPSAs and LAAs aim to improve local public service delivery, by providing a new framework for the relationship between central and local government.
The relationship is one in which local authorities, alongside other local partners, define and propose a set of priorities for service delivery in their own area, which are then negotiated and agreed by central government.
Local Area Agreements are agreements, covering the area of one or more local authorities, which focus on a collection of goals across a range of services and which can relate to either national or local priorities.
The local authority liaises with a range of bodies with an interest in joined up delivery to set these priorities.
In particular, the policy aims to promote a high level of engagement of Local Strategic Partnerships. Funding for achieving these priorities comes from the respective bodies involved, through the pooling or alignment of existing budgets.
The relevant government office for the region, e.g. North West, London, handles the negotiation of the LAA with the local authority and partners. Health is represented at all levels of government office handling, with Regional Directors of Public Health (RDsPH) on the senior steering boards.
Once agreement is reached, the LAA is sent to ministers in central departments for sign-off. Proposed LAAs are sent to the Secretary of State for Health accompanied by an assessment by the relevant RDsPH of the health content and a view as to whether or not the LAA should be agreed.
An example of an LAA is provided below, laid out under headings that are standard to all LAAs. These headings are broad themed categories, or functional blocks, under which specific agreements can be placed. The 'functional blocks' are:
Local authority: Barnsley Metropolitan Council
LAA agreed March 2005
Healthy communities and older people:
Children and young people:
Safer and Stronger Communities:
Local Public Service Agreements provide a framework through which local authorities and other local organisations agree challenging targets with central government. These include twelve targets for specific improvements in performance, and these can run across the full range of local services. Financial rewards, paid directly by the government, are associated with the achievement of these targets.
Negotiation of LPSAs is currently carried out by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) in liaison with other government departments. The Department of Health (DH) is consulted on all social care and public health related targets, the details of which are negotiated by the DH LPSA team.DH sign-off for LPSAs is performed at ministerial level.
An example of a LPSA is provided below. Only those areas of the twelve agreed stretch targets that relate to health are listed.
Local authority: Sunderland City Council
LPSA agreed March 2001
Target 9: To improve the health and participation in physical education and sport through:
Indicators for this target include:
Target 10: To improve nutritional levels by improving free school meal take-up and identifying good eating habits.
Indicator for this target:
Target 11: To increase opportunities for young people to access leisure facilities in the city.
Indicator for this target:
Target 12: To reduce the number of people killed or seriously injured in road accidents.
Indicator for this target:
Maximum Overall Performance Reward Grant:
As Local Area Agreements only involve the alignment or pooling of funds already in existence, the financial agreements within the first round of LAAs were concerned with these budgets.
The Department of Health is ahead of most departments in devolving spending decisions to the front line in a single funding stream. The types of subject areas covered, whose funding has been either pooled or aligned in the 1st round of LAAs include:
Unlike Local Area Agreements, which either pool or align existing funds, Local Public service Agreements provide additional funds for the area concerned.
The financial rewards are divided into Pump Priming grants and the Performance Reward Grant (PRG).
Pump Priming grants
Pump Priming grants are sums of money made available to local authorities at the beginning of LPSA programmes to improve services. An example would be a grant for staff training to skill the workforce to deliver a programme. The need for a pump priming grant is assessed for each component of the LPSA and an overall Pump Priming Figure is agreed. This figure is assumed to be £750,000 plus £1 per head of population (subject to a maximum of one-third of their agreed PRG).
Performance Reward Grants
Performance Reward Grants are the main financial reward for achievement of the agreed outcomes, and are worth 2.5% of one year's net revenue expenditure of the local authority. This reward is evenly distributed across all twelve agreed targets.
Allocation of this final payment is based on the number of targets achieved. These are large sums and act as a significant incentive for local authorities to deliver.
The pilot stage of LAAs involving 20 local authorities was completed in March 2005. Following this, the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister announced the rollout of LAAs to a further 40 authorities.
In March 2005 the Secretary of State for Health agreed to ODPM's proposal to integrate the LAA and LPSA processes. This decision rationalised these processes and brought negotiation of the policies together in Government Offices - where the first round of LAAs were negotiated. The next 40 LAAs will therefore include LPSA negotiation. Work is currently underway in preparation for the transfer of these negotiations to Government Offices.
The next round of LAAs will, in addition, include a fourth category - enterprise and growth.